Crowan/Leedstown

excluding direct line (q.v.)

Crowan and Leedstown increased their population with rise of mining then faded as the industry declined. The 1569 Muster Rolls have no family entries at all. From a start of two familes in the early 17thC, a very large population of Eustices grew up here, spreading to other mining areas (Camborne, Wales) then overseas (Australia, South Africa and USA). Old shafts and empty fields mark what used to be a source of work. An early assocation with Ludgvan, to the West is still be be unpicked.

The parish of Crowan (Cornish: Egloskrowenn) is situated in the Deanery and Hundred of Penwith. It is bounded on the north by Camborne, on the west by Wendron, on the south by Sithney and Breage, and on the west by St Erth and Gwinear. The parish is named after its patron, St Carwenna. The manor of Clowance was in this parish. The house was the main residence of the St Aubyn family ... The chief villages besides the Churchtown, are Leedstown, Praze-an-Beeble, Nancegollan, Townsend, Cargenwen, Drym, Trethannas, Trevoole and Releath. - Genuki

Saint Crewenna was an Irish missionary, 5th century, who accompanied Saint Breaca. The Latin name has been recorded as both Crewanus (1201) and in female form.

 

local conditions

1806 there was a flood in Crowan (from a watersprout?) and Wheal Abraham was flooded

After the 1848 entries for baptism there is a whole page of census taken by the local vicar. these are taken from it:

In 1831 there were 773 inhabited houses, with 820 families in them, 11 houses being built and 60 uninhabited,
141 families were employed chiefly in agriculture and 59 families chiefly in trade, handicraft and manufacture. "Others" 620.

There were 4332 people in all, 2133 males and 2199 females, Male servants over 20-4, female servants over 20 -79. There were 39 occupiers of land who employed labour, with 95 registered as agricultural labourers.
"Wholesale merchants, Capitalists, Bankers, Professional and other Educated Men -2"
These employed 615 men outside agriculture.
"Retired, injured and diseased males -36"
Males of 20 -930 (l presume that means over 20) Not 20 - 120. Females of 20 -120

In Crowan parish register 5/12/1851 an entry is made, unsigned by the vicar, and later crossed out. It says "Mary Ann, daughter of Jane, a single woman" baptised from Breage workhouse. The minutes of the PU in Helston had no entry for that area or name but on page 111 it says that no relief is to be given to those with base children being nursed outside as from 1853. On page 31, Michelmas quarter (?) they minute a decision that relief be discontinued to Margaret Eustice of Crowan, with no reason given.

Cousin Jack by Show of Hands

Place names and records with early associations and leads:

Kerthen Wood is an area of old mine workings north of the Marazion-Leedstown Rd. mentioned 1711 will Henry. Richard paid taxes 1728-36, George 1729-37. Francis is mentioned in a lease with his wife Joan, sons Francis and Henry and Grandson Henry (of Francis) 1731.41. This is the son of George but note that the records (Godolphin Estate papers DDGO 294,292) spell the name Ustice and Ustick as if interchangeable, or as if one is a confusion with the Ustick family. Jane had a holding in 1788.

Jane has tenancy of land near Kerthen 1788 - St Erth or Crowan?

Information relating to document ref. no. GO/749 - Receipt by churchwarden of St. Erth and others for receipt of poor rate, small tithes, and land tax on Kerthen Wood. [Cornwall Record Office, Godolphin of Godolphin] Date range: 1719 - 1723.

Carsize. The DDGO papers mention a tenement 1711 with Richard 'the only surviving'. 1748 Richard(and Alexander Trenell) mentioned with son Richard and a connection with Sampson Sandys. Richard paid rates 1729-37
The area is east of Kerthen and references to Carsize Common occur often in later enrties. Note work to be done disentangling Eustice/Usticks in this area and clerical confusions leading through rents and wills back to Ludgvan.

Oatfield; Richard and Mary with sons Richard and James 1711 will. Mary paid rates 1729-37 as widow. This is a farm on the He1ston-Crowan road.

Protestation Bill 1641 - Richard and William Yestes

Poll Tax 1660 no entry, but may have no return for this parish.

Hearth Tax 1660-64 - first surviving entry is Michaelmas 1664: Richard Ustes taxed on two hearths and John Ustes on one.

Rates 1728-37, from acounts of overseeers, Crowan, CRO:

Richard paid rates on Kerthen 1728-36

George ditto 1729-37

Mary (widow of Richard, see 1711 will) paid rates on Oatfield 1729-37

Richard paid rates on Carsize 1729-37

N.B. EM says there is only one accunt book extant and 1728 return is incomplete.

wills:

John Eustis made 1692, proved 1694, for £109. Tenement Kerton (Wood?) left to son Henry. Witnessed and signed by George Eustis.

Henry Eustice proved 1711 for £282 tenement Kerton and one called Treneer to son Henry. Wtinessed and signed by Henry Eustice of Carsize.

Richard Eustis made 1710, proved 1711 for £99. Estate called Oatfield left to wife Mary then divided between sons Richard and James.

Elizabeth Eustis leters of admin to son Henry 1701/2 for £6, including annuity of £1 overdue for 5 years to son George.

First steps:

The first stages might involve a Richard or William married to Elizabeth (DL q.v.). It may be that William m Jane Brothes of Breage 1639. Early connections also include St Earth, Gwinnear, Germnoe etc. I have tried to check Ludgvan but records at that period were damaged (by flood?) and the relevant pages not available or legible.

Many mis-attributions are published and speculation has circulated - see letters including SB1.

***

family groups by male forename a-z

NB this excludes direct line q.v.

Francis; George; Henry; James; John; Nicholas; Paul; Peter; Richard; Thomas; William

leads from female marriages

Francis

Will or admin bind 1759, 1794

George

See direct line and G of Francis at St Erth.

G witnessed will of John 1694 Kerthen.

MC shows George of Charity 2/9/1725 and of George Jan 1735. I have no record of these two. See DL George.

A George is buried 1740. John has a George 1687 B Transc. Ann d of George bt probably 1715 from B. Trans. and Anne of G Ustis 24/9/1732 from MC

G m Elizabeth Ansech 31/1/1747.

Note a G went to the USA 1847 (Don p22). Paul -ace sent a tree from G who went to Michigan USA 1865, for which I have no appropriate birth. TBC 11

Henry

Will for John 1694 has Henry and Henry will 1711 witnessed Henry.

First bpt is Henry son George 1695 (DL) but BT has possible Henry son John 1690.

Francis born 1733 has Henry in DDGO but not traced PR. Name attached Carsize and Kerthen (q.v.)

Henry buried 1734 and James of H decd 1734 so this Henry seems likely candidate.

Other Henry burials 1773, 1774 as a child, 1784, 1785, 1811 as an infant.

Henry of Crowan m Mary Ann Gard Falmouth 12/8/1803

James

James buried 1734 as son of Henry, 1762, 1777 (child)

James son of Richard 1703, son of Henry 1729

James Hill son of Ann Eustice 1805

Miner James & Susanna son William Hocking 13/8/1826

miner James & Elizabeth daughter Grace 10/4/1842. Cf Gwinnear

Mary wife of James (miner) died in childbirth 12th May 1840, aged 26, informant F? Eustis occupier Carisze Common D93)

John

John will 1694 related Kerthen tenement has children: Henry, John, Richard, Elinor Tamblyn and wife witnessed George. Henry executor. This may be DL so see discussion with Dawna

There is room for confusion here and we may have two John families, one adult in 1694 and one being created.

John m Anne 1708 and 06 1711?

John buried 1737/8 BT. PR has burials 1732 and 1735.

will 1763 has unamed wife with chidren John, Henry, George, William, Mgt, m John Mitchell of Crowan, Eliz m Joseph Tregloan of Breage, Jane or Jennifer under age. Copy D85

John m Eliz Hoskin 23/11/1778 as tinner

a John buried as infant 1806

John m Catherine Thomas 18/1/1830

note admin Bond 1828 for Crowan John m Patience D84. Note also a Patience age 2 in 1841 Cs in the house of Martha Davey.

John m Christian Arthur 24/3/1825

John m Christian Nicholas 30/6/1825

children for a " J and N pair" (check did that mean J and pair) when John was a miner:

John 16/4/26 and 24/12/26

Mary 8/6/28

Ann 27/12/29

George 4/12/32

Note D90 from Dawna on John G born 1806 which she identifies as this one, born 1806. See docs for argument.

John m Eliz Pascoe 9/1/1837

John m Eliz Carter 1837/8 (She ? widow Camborne Cs. 1851Cs, 81C s)

John m Elizabeth Edwards 26/1/1839

Children of a John and Eliz pair: Eliz Jane 30/3/1837; Richard 29/10/38; Martha 9/2/40; John Henry Edwards 6/4/1840 (C - John a miner); Christina 4/10/46; William 1/12/46 (se also Wm to Wm and Jane/Jennifer 1840) ; Frances James 2/3/47. See 1841 Cs to show John and Wm as borthers, Jane and Martha as sisters with possible Sally or Lettey?? For all bpts John = miner

above or below could be son Thomas and Phillipa?

This from 1841CS

Cf John and Mary Ann Scillies List. NB: John m Mary Gundry 24/2/1838, witness Thomas, he aged 21 and Mary 17

It seems reasonable to assume this pair from the Camborne 1851 Cs are the same as the pair from Crowean 1841 Cs and that the wife was Mary Ann from Sithney, born circa 1821-23. This makes it reasonable to assume she was Mary Ann Gundry and they married 1838.

Nicholas

See Boyland letter

Nicholas m Catherine Thomas 15/4/1815, Peter as witness

Paul

Peter

A Peter is witness to marriages 2/9/1758; 13/12/63;28/8/63; 20/5/64;29/6/65; 9/2/66;15/4/1815

Peter born 1831 to Thomas and Philippa Davey moved with family to Camborne

Richard

Richard 1641 Protestation Return; 1698 R witnesses Lugvan communion document; 1711 R at Carsize; 1711 will Oatfield mentiones R and wife Mary with John, R, James, Mary, Ruth, Honour - D86 might be almost illegible copy; 1748 R son of R (23) Carsize. See EM6

from parish records:

Richard m Grace Phillips 28 April 1733

Before this marriage but after previous Richard left a will, there are progeny to a Richard as follows:

Jane bt June 1722; John 17 Oct 1729; Mary 19 April 29 (MC only not in parish record); MC also has Richard 7 April 1724 but neither PR nor BT confirm it. This would accord with the Richard son of R who was 23 in Carsize record. I do have a R son of R bt 14 April 1735.

After the marriage date we have this Richard plus:

William bt 11 Dec 1738; Grace Oct, Nov or Dec 16th 1740-41 BT only of R and Grace; Henry bt 16 Dec 1744 of R and G

Richard and Mgt bt Hannah 25th JUne 1758 (m Simmonds 1782??)

Richard and Jane had daughter Jane 7/11/1756 and separate entry 1757

There is a will 1814 I have not yet seen

Richard's son William m Susan Huthnance Phillack 1848 - see Camborne tree

Thomas

William

A William present 1641 Protestation returns may have married Jane Brothes of Breage 1639

1730 12th April Wm baptised no parents named.

Williams buried 1746, 1760, 1767, 1795, 1807 ....

one of these two had James 8th July 1805

Wiliam ad Mary 1797??

Note Richard born to William and Jenefer Sept 1851 "near Hayle" see EFA pdf which has Wm 1810-April 10 1851 and Jenefer Jane 1814-1886 Worked Wheal Agar (Redruth) then to Australia.

The William who married Jennifer/Jane Phillips 25/10/1830 has no progeny so far but the William and Jennifer family in Germoe (q.v.) hail from a William born Crowan circa 1802. Dawna Lund has this pair with Ann (1837), Jane (1843), William (1846) and George (1847 Marzian (= Marazion??)) See D92 to be checked.

Camborne 1861 Cs has a William of 22, copper miner born Crowan, married to Mary J (22 of Camborne) with daughter jane of one month.

Wm m Mary Whear 23/9/1820 and Wm witnessed

Wm m Mgt Rapson 6/5/1837

leads from female marriages.

These are marriages I have not yet tied to families, or got round to checking. As they are connected they will slowly be removed from this list.

1729 Oct Hannah -is to Adrian Stephens, but Cf St. Breock and note MC has 1629. Cf Eleanor 1765.

1735 Catherine to John Trewascus 12/4

1754 Ann -ice to Ed Bryant 15/4

1758 Mary -is to William Harris of Mullion, husbandman, 7/2?

1758 Eleanor to Mathew Bennet 30/9

1759 Elizabeth -ice to Joseph Trgeloan 26/12. Both ocal, he signed name, she used X. IN presence of William -is. Cf will Breage as daughter of John.

1765 Eleanor -ice and Adrian Stephens 9/3, she used X, Henry -is witnessed and signed.. Cf Hannah 1729.

1768 Grace -icde to Thomas Bryant 1/2. He a tinner of Lelant (?), she used x.

1768 Jane -ice to Thomas Ward 13/11 in presence of John -is.

1781 Hannah -ace to Thomas Simminds, mariner, 13/7

1782 Eleanor -ice to James Williams 9/2, she used X.

1791 Eleanor -ice to Edward Lasson, tinner 30/6

1792 Mary -ice to William Reed, tinner 20/2

1795 Elizabet6h -is to Henry Rowe, blacksmith, 25/10, she used X

1795 Rebecca -is to Henry Pacoe, miner, 9/11 she used X

1795 or 6 -is Margaret to Stephen Davey, miner, inpresence of Peter -is, 5/12

1796 Ann -is to John Harvey, miner, 7/7 or 2/7

1796 Hannah -is to Ezekial Williams miner 17/7, but check that name as it is also the vicar's.

1796 Mary -is to William Rodda, miner, 16/10

1798 Jane to Richard Bryant

1799 Ann to John Williams, tinner 26/12

1800 Catherine -is to Richard Reed 17/11

1801 -is to Thomas Bastard of Helston 3/12

1803 Dorothy -is to Joseph Rodda 5/9

1807 Mary to Thomas Scandlin 26/12

1808 Mary -is to Colon Williams 17/10

1809 Eleanor to William Walters 9/9

1811 Jenifer -ace to William Tenby 10/3

1820 Maragaret to Benjamin Rodda, both signed and Richard witnessed 8/4. TBC8 possible tree.

1821 Jennifer to John West 17/10 illit.

1821 Grace to James Holman 4/11 both illit but Richard witnessed and signed. TBC10 possible tree.

1823 Mary to Joseph James both illt 12/6

1829 Eliz to James Hocking, she illit, 4/2

1829 Mary to Jame Barkle, she illt and Richard witnessed 9/4. TBC9 possible tree.

1829 Martha to Steven Davey, both illlit 31/8

1829 Ann to John Pascoe, both illit, Richard witnessed

1829 Eliz to John Harry, both illit, 24/9

1832 Catherine to John Rogers, both illiterate, 11/6

1832 Eleanor to Nicolas Rooda, both signed, 28/1

1833 Mary m Martin Pascoe, miner, 14/7, both illit

1836 Mary m James Nathans (?) 25/2 both illit

1838 Ann, daughter of William, to John Lean 16/9, she illit

1840 Margaret to Edward Rodda 15/3, daughter of William, miner and illit.

1852 Jane to James Reed, mine agent, 21/2. Daughter of Henry whose profession illegible but could just be manufacturer??

1759 Patience m Richard Tresail (?) 17/7. She dauighter of Thomas, a mason(?) and illit; he a miner.

1861 note Catherine Eustice Reed daughter of William Reed and Cf Mary m William reed 1792

1865 Matilda Ann to James Rodda, miner, 11/6, as daughtrer of Peter the carpenter who signed as witness

1872 Mary Ann m Johnson Rodda, miner, daughrter of Henry , miner. Signed -ace.25/1

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